A Study On Adobe Flash Cs4 Computer Science Essay

A Study On Adobe Flash Cs4 Computer Science Essay Adobe Flash CS4 provides newly features which are very easy to be used. Designing using Flash had become easier and more efficient. Designer can easily applies tweening technique to a symbol and smoothly modify the motion paths. The success project can be delivered to a very wide audience. Adobe Flash CS4 can help to deliver this interactive multimedia to web browsers, mobile devices and computes. The newly 3D Translation and 3D Rotation, Bones, and Deco had bring a new animating, interesting and creative experience to the designers. The workspace of the Adobe Flash CS4 is now more elegant and can be set into different style which suitable for everyone. With Adobe Flash CS4, the complicated animation can now be created easier and quicker. In Adobe Flash CS4, creating animation had become easier compare to the previous version which needs to involve with the keystrokes, symbol creation and manual placement of key frames and adjusting the tweens on the timeline. It will be more difficult and time consuming when creating and editing the animations. With Adobe Flash CS4, designers can straightly apply the motion tweens technique directly to the object itself compare to the previous version which need to apply through the key frames. Now, creating an animation is incredibly easy which only within two steps. The motion path which is automatically generated can be easily edited using the Bezier handles. Besides that, the timing of the animation can be easily adjusted in the timeline and without breaking the tweening of the object. With this features being introduced in Flash Adobe CS4, new users and advanced developers or designers can gain more control on the object for developing an animation. (Adobe, 2008) Motion Presets Panel Adobe Flash CS4 provides a library which is full of prebuilt animations for the designers or developers to start their project. The motion presets panel is very easy to understand and use. Besides that, it will be a time saver for project which had little time. Users can easily define a motion preset through saving the object which had tween applied on it. While users can apply the presets by just simply click on the preset on the motion presets panel. Motion Editor Panel Another new feature of the Adobe Flash CS4 is the motion editor panel. In Adobe Flash CS4, key frames had a new and important role with the introduction of the object based animation. With the new motion editor panel, users can now independently control over the key frames parameters which include size, scale, positions, etc. The motion editor panel allows users to control over the key frames of the animation graphically using curves. The fine control over tweens had been brought back with the motion editor panel which will let the users to fine tune the animation parameters for their each attributes. (Adobe, 2008) Bones tool In Adobe Flash CS4, there is a new feature which is known as bones tool. With the bones tool, users can now create inverse kinematics animation easily. The bone tools are very useful for the movement of character in an animation. The bones tool is a tool which can link a series of objects together and create an effect like chains. The bones tool is like bones in human bodies which will moves in a definitive way. The bones will be able to let users to link several objects together. After that, users can easily and quickly animate the object via controlling the movement of each segment of the object which had link with the bones. The bones can be easily created by just simply click and drag between the symbols. For an example, the bones tool can be use in the part of the mechanical machine which is use to pick up things. (Adobe, 2008) Deco Tool In the designing part, deco tool is the new feature which was being added in Adobe Flash CS4. The deco tool provides a new and more creative way to design symbols for users. It is great whether on creating or other effects. The deco tool lets the user to unleash their creativity through the different types of drawing effects which are available. The vine fill effect fills the background with a pattern of branching plant formation. The grid fill effect fills the background with patterns of symbol which are selected by the users. While the symmetry brush will allows the user to create kaleidoscope-like effects. (Adobe, 2008) Sample Sound Library Another fantastic feature of the Adobe Flash CS4 is the sample sound library. Adobe Flash CS4 has a library which is full of various kinds of sound effects. Users can now easily apply sound effects to their project. In order to add sound effects to the project, users can simply drag and drop the sound to the project from the library to the frame on the timeline. Besides that, users can also download sounds from the internet and then import it to the sound library in order to apply it to the project. (Adobe, 2008) Macromedia Flash 8 Macromedia Flash 8 is the software which allows designers to design animations, videos, games and advertisements. In Macromedia Flash 8, it had several improvements over the work flow and the design tools which are the run time blend mode, filters and effects, alpha channel video and file size shrinking and playback time. The major change of Macromedia Flash 8 compare to the previous version is the Flashs video capabilities. The enhanced video capabilities provide a wider range of codec and output options which unavailable in the previous version. Macromedia Flash 8 provides more advanced controls for the users and made complex actions and effects just within one click. The action script for Macromedia Flash 8 now has script assists which will help the beginner users to learn and use action script easier. (Jacobi, 2005) New Blend Mode In Macromedia Flash 8, the new blend mode is a totally new feature compare to the previous version. The blend mode is a feature which can applies graphical effects to the movie clips or buttons which are created by the users. The new blend mode includes the normal, darken, lighten, hard, light, invert, alpha, etc effects. (Cipollo, 2011) http://www.webdesign.org/get.php?type=imgartid=6822name=blend_modes_adj.pngno-download New Filter Effects Besides the new blend mode, users can now also add glow, blur, shadow and adjustable color effects to the movie clips or buttons. This feature will be an ideal for creating the Fireworks style of effects quickly and easily. Users can easily apply these effects by just choosing it from the filter tab which is located on the Property Inspector. The size of the Flash document file will not increase because the filter effects were applied on the runtime. (Cipollo, 2011) New Drawing Mode Macromedia Flash 8 is now features with the new drawing which is called the object drawing mode. In this mode, users can now draw an object on another object and the shapes of both of the objects will still remain. So, users can now move the top object and no need to worry the shape of the object below will be destroyed. Users can easily change between the new object drawing mode and old merge mode through the toggle button which is located in the toolbar of Macromedia Flash 8. (Cipollo, 2011) Script Assists Now, Macromedia Flash 8 comes with a new feature which is known as the script assists. It will become easier to apply action script to the movie clip with the new scrip assists feature. The script assists feature will prompts suggestions of syntax for the users. Besides that, it will also explain the parameter choices of the code for the users. So, users which are not very familiar with action script can easily learn it through this feature and use the action script. (Cipollo, 2011) Custom Ease In/Ease Out The custom ease in or ease out is also one of the new feature which is available in the Macromedia Flash 8. Users can now easily control the speed, scale, color and filters of the animation with this custom ease in/ease out feature. Users will control the animation through a graph like tool that uses a Bezier curve. Users can edit the attributes of the animation via editing the curve in the dialog box. With this new feature being introduced, designer can now have a better control and runtime results of the animation. (Cipollo, 2011) http://www.webdesign.org/get.php?type=imgartid=6822name=custom_ease.jpgno-download Bitmap Caching Flash continuously redraws the vector object when movie plays because it is a vector based program. Bitmap caching will help users to improve the animation performance to become faster through reducing the calculations which occur during the movie. Users should cache their vector movies into bitmap before continue on their vector image. Users will know which vector objects can be cache as bitmaps in the Flash movie through the use action script or property inspector. (Reiven, 2006) Action Script Action Script is a type of coding language which was developed by Adobe. It is use with flash to create animations, videos and games. There are few versions of action script which are 1.0, 2.0 and the latest 3.0. Action Script 2.0 Action script 2.0 adds some new runtime functionality which improves the object oriented development in flash. It formalizes the object oriented programming syntax and methodology. In action script 1.0, it is lack of traditional vocabulary for creating classes and objects. While action script 2.0 has the feature of supporting syntactic for traditional object oriented. It will provide class keywords for the user when creating classes and extends for inheritance. Action Script 3.0 In action script 3.0, there is a new action script virtual machine which is known as the AVM2 that uses new instruction set of byte code and the performance also had been improve. Besides that, the 3.0 version also had become a more modern compiler code base which is now closer to the ECMAScript standards. The application programming interface (API) of action script had also been expanded and improved compare to the previous versions. In this version of action script, it is designed to work with a more complex application which has large data sets and object oriented code bases. With AVM2, the code can be executed ten times faster than the previous versions of action script code. Action script 3.0 also is compatible with the older version. For example, action script 3.0 codes can load swf files which are written in 1.0 or 2.0. In this new version, there will be no more stage coding available. It means that users cannot apply scripts directly to the movie clip using on() and onClipEven(). Now, the stage instanced will be automatically declared. With Flash CS3 or greater versions, it will help users to simplify the application entry point. It will help instantiating the class for the users. Besides that, there will be no more onEventHandlers and is now replace by EventDispatcher. Users can now access the data from the URLs immediately. The object oriented programming will improves the development of a project through breaking down into objects. Object oriented programming actually is not a must in action script 3.0, but it helps the cases with large projects which involved multiple programmers. (Adobe, nd)

New Play Plan Essay

1. Is the company at the point where it should be setting up a formal salary structure based on a complete job evaluation? Why? Yes, by setting up a formal salary structure is being fair to the employees because the salary being paid based on the job task rather than pay the salary based on gender. When the salary structure being fair, it leads satisfaction among the employees and as a result the turnover will be at low rate. Besides, the company also can control their financial operation by doing budget allocation planning for their business operation. Moreover, the formal salary structure will make the employees clear on the amount pay for his or her job position. Thus, it can make easier to the related manager to do a process of salary payment. 2. Is Jack Carter’s policy of paying 10% more than the prevailing rates a sound one, and how could that be determined? First of all, First of all, according to this case, carter does not make any formal surveys, it is a correct action for Carter. Carter should pay more attention to the requirements of employees for building a formal pay policy. Secondly, Carter Company should pay different salaries for different job department rather than gender. Thirdly, it can determine a job’s relative worth by job evaluation. However, Jake has no enough evidence for building a pay policy. In our opinion, Carter may choose a job evaluation commitment to ensure right pay policies. As far as we concerned, Jake Carter’s policy of paying 10% more than the prevailing rates is sensible. There are five steps for making a rational pay plan. Primarily, employer conducts informal salary survey and formal survey. Then employers use salary survey to know what others are paying. Secondly, Carter chooses job evaluation methods to determine the worth of one job. Thirdly, the company pays the similar salary for similar jobs. Fourthly, Carter can use a wage curve to help assign pay rates to each job. Then it is easy to price jobs with a wage curve. Lastly, we know Carter does not develop pay ranges. Therefore, it is important for developing pay ranges to motivate high performance employees. At the same time, Carter needs to  correct out-of line rates. In this case, we disagree that men and women have different salary, it is unfair. Thus, Carter must ensure that men and women are paid comparably for essentially the same work. Jack Carter’s policy of paying 10% more than the prevailing rates a sound one because he believes that within the higher payment he could reduce the turnover among the employee and also at the same time can fostering the employee loyalty to organization. It could be determined by providing facts that Jack pays the 10% more to the worker. Besides, it’s very much better, if the payment done to the workers that are showing the loyalty to the organization. 3. Similarly, is Carter’s male-female differential wise? If not, why not? Our opinion, the answer is no, Carter’s shop does not have male-female differential wise. And they are also equal to their employees. Because Carter Cleaning Centers do not make a formal and legal wage structure to their employees, and at the same time Carte Cleaning Centers also does not use a good compensable factors to their employees, it will cause some bad effects to their employees and it also bring about different treatment. Wages rates are based mostly on those prevailing in the surrounding community. According to the Equal Pay Act of 1963, it requires that men and women who do the same job in the same organization should receive the same pay. The term `same pay` refer to no difference is acceptable. In addition the law, also defines that one consider as doing the same level of job if they are equal in term of skills, effort, responsibility and working condition. However, the Equal Pay Act of 1963 includes four exceptions that allow employers to pay another gender more than another. Some of those exceptions are like more seniority, better job performance, greater quantity or quality of production and lastly certain other factors like paying extra to employees that working the night shift. Back to this case study, there is no such exceptions includes in the reason provided by the Jack as to justify why he decided to pay 20% more than woman to men workers. The reason provided by him is they are stronger and can work hard for longer hours and also they all have family to support. This justification is the one that can’t be acceptable at all if refer to the law  and it also show discrimination towards the female worker. This is because, according to Equal Pay Act 1963, rather than the four exceptions as mention above, female and male workers should receive the same amount of payment if they hold the same job that are substantially equal. In addition, this unwise decision of Jack Carter’s policy will result in many negative effects such as increase in turnover among female worker, job dissatisfaction. Besides, there will be also more arguments in order to get an equal pay rate and lastly it will lead to an unproductively result to the organization. Question 4: Specifically, what would you suggest Jennifer do now with respect to her company’s pay plan? For the development of the company, there are several suggestions from us to Jennifer do now with respect to her company’s pay plan. More details about the suggestion will be discussed in the following paragraph. First, in the question 1, we had mentioned this point, setting up a formal salary structure. Based on this point, for the employees, they will feel more fair and unambiguous about how much they can get and it also makes the managing easier and more clearly for managers, there are strict certain structure to avoid the unfair things happen. Second, make a necessary formal survey in order to determining the amount that company should pay at what type of job responsibilities in order to avoid the mistake such as imbalances of salary payment. No matter what careful we are, we also would make some errors, so recheck the results are very necessary and important. In the case, the company conducts informal surveys among friends and cleaners trade associates. By doing this, it would reduce the cost and it is good for getting vast and direct information. But the independent information source could give great risks to the company in the future. Therefore a formal survey to the employees is more effective rather than informal survey in order to get feedbacks from employees regarding the pay system. Third, about the policy of paying 10% more than the prevailing rates, as a company, profit is the first thing. Although, this policy can foster employee loyalty, but to the long-term, the employees will accustom this situation and cannot motivated them to do better. Changing the policy like rewarding the outstanding employees with this policy, not all, this not only can reduce the cost, but also can motivate employees to get the higher prevailing rates. Fourth, abolish the policy of paying men about 20% more than women for the same job. Although her father’s explained that men are stronger and can work harder for longer hours, and besides they all have families to support, this policy considered bias to the men employees and of course it can course dissatisfaction to the women employees and they will feel unfairly treated. In pay system, it is better to have an official approved procedure on determining the right employees who’s qualify to be rewarded on the bonuses or salary increment and it should be based on the employees work performance. Don’t do like that, regarding somebody who work hard and better is effective method.

Essay Writing Topics for Grade 5 - Overview

Essay Writing Topics for Grade 5 - Overview Essay Writing Topics for Grade 5: the Ultimate Convenience! Strong recommendations recommend that all or virtually all persons would choose that intervention. Additionally, it makes the entire process of cleaning grills easy and hassle-free. Advantages and disadvantages of Adoption. The QuickStove doesn't just supply you with the capability to cook food, you may also utilize it to boil water to ensure it is potable. In the selection of body piercings, the chance of infection brought on by the fabric of the jewelry needs to be looked into seriously. Every one of these techniques comes with inherent benefits and pitfalls. The movements which he creates are exceptional. Whatever They Told You About Essay Writing Topics for Grade 5 Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why Imagine the caliber of writing you'll receive from a low-cost essay writing service. Yes, there's a person who can aid you with your essays expert essay writers at MyPerfectWords. Such a project may also be called a regrade. You would rather not handle the inconvenience of needing to struggle with writing a paper only to see your focus all through has been biased. Kissing in public needs to be banned Men ought to be sent to a different planet. Making up good narrative essay topics sounds like it would be somewhat easy, but it isn't as easy as you might think. The good thing is it can be something pretty easy and opinionated (obviously), meaning you won't need to research lots of information. In the end, ensure the topic you decide on can be supported by some factual evidence. Try out a few of these topics. Attempt to develop the topic fully and talk about all of the absolute most important questions. Also, remember two or three pretty regular strategies on deciding on a topic for an opinion essay. Who Else Wants to Learn About Essay Writing Topics for Grade 5? Titanium has existed for the past two centuries, mostly in labs. For this reason, you wish to be sure you torque your fasteners to the proper level employing a torque wrench and be certain to torque dry, clean threads. Titanium belly button rings are offered in a wide selection of trendy designs. They are the perfect choice for daily wear trendy body piercings. Toughness is a significant quality of a fastener. Grade 5 fasteners are made from medium-carbon steel. Coatings can enhance the hardness of titanium too, and there are lots of coatings out there that we might cover in another guide. There are several types of titanium alloys and assorted grades of mixtures. As soon as it is still corrosion resistant, it's not advised for areas where corrosion is very likely to occur. What You need to Buy Buy additional material and fasteners. Why Almost Everything You've Learned About Essay Writing Topics for Grade 5 Is Wrong Imagine you're a superhero. Write a story about something fun which you did with friends and family during the summertime. Imagine that you live either 100 years before or 100 years later on. Explain how your favourite music affects how you feel. What Has to be Done About Essay Writing Topics for Grade 5 If you'd like nothing short of the best TI-6AL-4V sheet price, then you can be quite sure you have arrived at the proper website for the exact same. Write about why you wish to do it and why you ought to be allowed to do it. For the exact same reasons, it's employed in the body of laptop computers (for instance, in Apple's PowerBook line). The Key to Successful Essay Writing Topics for Grade 5 Fifth graders aren't too young to speak about controversial problems. To prepare for the demands of middle school and high school writing, they should be mastering skills required for strong nonfiction writing. Letter grades offer an easy method to generalize a student's performance. The 2 grades have various characteristics and shouldn't be used interchangeably. Explain what would make you wish to visit school in the summertime. You've got an idea to increase your school. Your instructor controls which links show up on the program menu. There's a rotation at school, and it's your choice and your class to produce a lunch menu for the week.

Smoking Cigarettes Affects The Body - 1172 Words

Smoking cigarettes affects the body in many ways, but despite this observation, 22% of all women still smoke, and approximately 12%-22% of these women smoke while they are pregnant (Davies par.1, 7). Smoking has always been popular among women since the 1900s. For example, posters and movies portrayed women who smoked as independent, hardworking people. These portrayals attracted many women all over the nation and began to shape the way people saw women who smoked. Also, smoking has always been considered a given right to the people because it is legal, but it is also a growing concern since it has many disadvantages when it comes to pregnancy. However, for a long period of time, the world did not know the effects smoking had on our†¦show more content†¦Women who reduce these chances are becoming more aware of the effects of smoking. For example, because of recent research, smoking cessation programs have been established according to Mental Health Weekly Digest (par. 5). Th ese programs are a great way for women to quit smoking while pregnant, thus, decreasing the likelihood that a child will be born prematurely. Also, if a baby is smaller in size, then they are more vulnerable to illness and death as well (Campos and Brown 5). These factors can be easily avoided by convincing women to not smoke while they are expecting a baby. One might object that medical advances make it possible for premature babies to live normally. However, these medical advances can be extremely expensive, and it is still a risk to smoke while pregnant because certain circumstances may not be able to pay for the treatment. Furthermore, not smoking reduces the risk of prematurity and ensures a greater chance of having a healthy delivery. Additionally, women who actively smoke during their pregnancy are more likely to have a miscarriage. Scholar Schwartz claims that â€Å"as many as 7.5% of all miscarriages† are caused by smoking (par. 1). For that reason, women who do not smoke while they are pregnant decrease the odds of becoming a part of that percentage. Miscarriages have always been an obvious result of smoking during pregnancies, but it is still a growing problem (Scwartz par. 4). Because of

The Creation Of A Life - 1472 Words

The Creation Of A Life I don’t know my name. I don’t know my birthday. I don’t have a family. These are just a few of the things in my life that I created. I remember waking up to the light. The brightest of lights was shining down on me. Looking around, I began to question my existence. I couldn t remember anything. Actually, that’s not true I remember dying; or at least I thought that is what happened. The sensation of drowning was the only thing that remained clear in my mind. But, as it turns out, I was wrong. I survived. I survived the hurricane that otherwise took everything from me. I woke with a loud cough followed by a deep breath. Looking back, that breath was the beginning of it all. Although it wasn’t my first breath, it†¦show more content†¦Bruised and battered. Similar to the neighborhood that enveloped me. A neighborhood I couldn’t remember. In a time of naivety, I tried to reach for him. The smallest of movement cause d an unbearable, inordinate amount of pain. I screamed. He reached down and scooped me up. â€Å"Must be broken,† he reckoned. â€Å"Where am I?† I questioned. Nothing seemed to strike my memory. Not a person around. Not a scent. Not a scene. â€Å"Well darlin’ - you’re in the suburbs of New Orleans. Or rather, what’s left of it.† He seemed relatively calm considering our surroundings. â€Å"Left from what? How did this all happen? Why am I here?† It was baffling. The town looked dead at least the nonliving parts of it. He stopped walking suddenly, as if I’d done something wrong. â€Å"You don’t remember†¦?† He spoke clearly like he wanted my absolute full attention. â€Å"I†¦ No. Should I?† â€Å"Yes. I would assume-† I cut him off, â€Å"Way to be blatantly honest.† He took a step around a large tree that had fallen down completely and crushed a small home. â€Å"What is your name?† Looking down at myself, I didn’t know. In fact I couldn’t remember anything about myself at all. â€Å"I†¦ I don’t know.† â€Å"Well then, I s’pose I should give you a name then, just until you remember.† I smiled. He didn’t need to do anything for me yet, it seems like he keeps doing more and more. â€Å"How do you feel about Estrella? Where I come from it means the star, like the kind in the sky. To me, it seems as though

Grade Eoc Essay Samples Guide

Grade Eoc Essay Samples Guide Kristen and I can't wait to go join. Being the student an, an exceptional student, is the most significant role for teenagers. In conclusion, both texts imply it can be extremely tough for teachers to relate to students. These worksheets are excellent for students or teachers that are searching for extra writing practice. To get ready for the demands of middle school and higher school writing, fifth graders ought to be mastering skills needed for strong nonfiction writing. Also, I'd like to speak about our teachers. Our culture doesn't think teenagers should must make money. Use a dictionary that will help you understand words. Students who have fallen behind in their English class will discover that this course provides detailed explanation of essential topics in a manner that is simple to comprehend. So don't forget the lessons and key moments of your favourite books. 10 Grade Eoc Essay Samples - Overview Along with that, any of the goods that are created from oil lead to pollution in the method of factories putting smoke into the air. It is quite a diverse field. Fossil fuels are a main contributor to global warming. The procedure that's utilized to select the oil from the sand also pollutes the air. Genetic disorders are found in the DNA of the person. But, the most frequent is the five-paragraph strategy. Some belief that it's here now and others believe it does not be an issue. These are problems in an individual's makeup. This may be one of the greatest in Expository essay topics. Ensure you write your essay on the proper page of lines so that it's graded. You might also see synthesis essay. Just because you've got four body paragraphs or you have eight examples doesn't signify that you're writing an excellent essay. Write an essay that explains ways to remain healthy and avoid illness. You could also see essay examples. Put simply, essay writing was classified as a formal and informal kind of writing. As everybody knows, it's never a simple job to write especially college essays. You might also see college essay. And in spite of a writing game program, you probably will write something in your essay that isn't really needed. Why Almost Everything You've Learned About 10 Grade Eoc Essay Samples Is Wrong On the other hand, the fundamental idea is sound-including fruit in your diet plan can result in good health. To start with, oil is found in practically every region of our lifes. I got to do all types of things to find ready. This is a significant requirement. Be certain to compose plans in an identical order since they should be done. Here are a couple of guidelines you may utilize. Possessing a game program is likely to make it so you can confidently make points and not feel as though you should pad out information with filler words or ideas. Use hard-hitting facts that aren't easily rebutted. There's simply no way to truly make a bundle in this way, though. If you're not sure concerning the theme, search for the intriguing facts about grades on the web. It will supply you with a larger selection of material and the content still ought to be sufficiently challenging for 10th graders. But if you pick the appropriate subject, you can attempt using them. Read the data in the box below.

Stages Of International Market Development -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Stages Of International Market Development? Answer: Introducation Different factors should be put into consideration when deciding if Austchilli Company is ready to export its products. First, there is need to carry out an internal analysis of the business to determine if there is growth feasibility. First, the financial statements of the company should be analyzed. These include the balance sheet, income statements, and the cash flow statements (Pittel, 2002). These statements should be within 3 to 5 years. They show the profits or losses that Austchilli has been making and the expenses that were incurred. They also show the cash that is coming into the company as compared to that which is going out. If the company is ready to export, the cash inflow ought to be higher than the cash outflows. For the balance sheets and the income statements, there should be a record of profits. Moreover, if the company is publicly traded, the equity from shareholders could be used to finance the export activities. Second, there is a need to analyze the companys management by looking at their level of commitment and how well they have implemented different strategic plans in the past. This knowledge can be gained by talking to the Managing Director because this is the highest authority in the firms management. It is also important to speak to the entire management team. This will aid in providing an enlightenment on the firms culture to see if they are ready to export. For example, Austchilli is a medium enterprise with 50 to 200 employees. The company is privately owned where the managing director has close control and is in charge of critical decision making. The culture of Austchilli includes learning, values, communication, and leadership which are some of the characteristics of organizations that are innovative (imanskien?, PauÃ… ¾uolien?, and PauÃ… ¾uolis, 2015). The company can seek assistance from other exporters who are not its competitors inorder to venture into exporting. Another factor that should be considered in the internal analysis is the presence of resources that will be used to enter the new markets. To export products, Austichilli will need to have funds for distribution, product adaptation, marketing among others. Therefore, if the company lacks the necessary resources, it cannot be able to thrive in foreign markets and is therefore not ready to export its products. Further, it is necessary for Austchilli to evaluate if the company has knowledge and skills on entry procedures and documentation needed to venture into foreign markets and the different export risks that are involved. This is because ignorance on this matter may cause the company to make losses due to fines or to fraudsters. If it is determined that the Austchilli has in-depth knowledge of these procedures, this is an indication that it may be ready to enter new markets (Henisz, 2000). After the internal analysis of the company has been carried out, there is a need to analyze the entire industry. There is a need to find out to what extent the industry is involved in the global market. By conducting this analysis, one can understand the significant aspects of the industry that can be used in their own exporting decisions and processes. Moreover, the company can gain insights on how to conduct their exportation processes by receiving advice from other businesses providing substitutes in the same industry (Arnold, 2001). Additionally, there is a need to determine the trade-offs and benefits associated with the expansion of the market internationally (McDonald, n.d.). This is important in the determination of what outweighs the other. Entrance into the export market will lead to reduced dependence on domestic markets. Trade-offs may include the need for additional financing to hire more staff or the plowing back of short-term profits to ensure that there will be profits in the long run (Terpstra, Foley, and Sarathy, 2012). Once it is identified that the benefits outweigh the trade-offs the company can consider other factors. Next, it is vital to determine whether the avocado products from Austchilli have export potential. This may require a SWOT Analysis of the products to find out what the competitive edge of the products would be in the foreign markets. If the products are not performing well domestically, they should not be introduced into external markets because there is a high probability of failure. However, if the analysis showed that the company is financially weak, has no competitive edge, has poor management, or lacks knowledge on international markets, the company can carry out different activities to strengthen its position. These include; setting up meetings with successful exporters to know how they managed to succeed, carry out training activities for their employees on exportation matters, or join export clubs. Priority Markets for Austchilli It is significant for Austchilli to carry out a robust analysis of existing markets to identify which markets have the highest growth opportunities and will bring the highest return on capital invested. The insights that are made from carrying out the business domestically can come in handy when choosing the best export markets. Austchilli Company should, therefore, focus its efforts and resources on finding the most favorable foreign markets before initiating the export process. To identify the priority markets for Austchilli company, there are some steps that can be followed to ensure the results are as accurate as possible. First, economic modeling is essential to be able to identify the markets that had the highest potential for growth and that could provide this company with competitive advantages (Manfredi, 2003). Next, an analysis of potential resources that are needed regarding capital sources, availability of technology, and talent for the workforce should be conducted. Further, an analysis of key trading blocs in the region that would enable Austchilli to reduce costs by saving on taxes should also be conducted. Finally, it is valuable to observe the significant role players in the industry identify how they have been able to remain profitable over the years. Activities such as liberalization of trade, extensive changes in technology, and presence of extreme competition are factors that are extremely vital in consideration of priority export markets. It is vital for the company to evaluate if it can be able to have a comparative advantage or absolute advantage over other competitors (Arthur, 2004). It is more important to have an absolute advantage than a comparative advantage because being able to produce high-quality products is much better than producing low-quality products at low prices. However, the company should strive to enter into markets where they can be able to provide both advantages at different levels in a bid to reach as many customers as possible. One model that was used in the analysis of foreign markets is the Ricardian model. In the context of international trade this model asserts that there is a comparative advantage difference based on differences in technology in different countries (Soo, 2017). This model assumes that apart from technological differences, all other actors are the same in the home country and the country to which products are being exported. This model is based on the labor theory of value. This model unlike a majority of other models in international trade says that international trading activities are beneficial for all the countries involved. It states that even nations that use poor technological infrastructure will benefit from global trade (Arthur, 2004). The labor theory has three significant implications. These are; units of labor are homogenous in the country, labor is mobile within the country, but immobile internationally, and labor is the one primary factor of production (Horwitz, n.d.). The Ricardian model created a basis for my analysis of entry into international markets, but different factors were refuted such as the implication that labor is immobile internationally. This is because the senior authority will be situated in the companys home country but will oversee all trading activities in the foreign markets (Horwitz, n.d.). By this model, there is a need to look even at the available labor when choosing target markets. The target market should also have the proper technology to be used in trading activities. This will aid in saving time and costs. Economies of scale are brought about by business expansion. To maximize profit margins, it is vital to identify countries in which the costs of production are much lower than those in the domestic country. Additionally, countries which have higher prices for the same products are attractive to venture into. By so doing, the company will be able to increase sales volumes and consequently reap higher profits. Historic links that exist with other countries should also be put into consideration. These include trade blocs and existing free trade areas. These factors should be put into an account to ensure that the company can maximize its revenues and reduce taxes. This process of market prioritization involves market segmentation as well as market targeting. Market targeting refers to the process in which specific market segments are selected based on a segmentation exercise. The segments are evaluated by an agreed criteria. The major constraint involved in this process is the presence of limited resources (Mulderij, 2016). The process of prioritization involves the selection of a given segment depending comparison of the chosen segments and through this process, resources are allocated to the chosen segment. Market targeting, segmentation, and prioritization are the foundations on which the marketing strategy is based and are very important in the process of developing routes to market. Criteria for market attractiveness Conventionally, people believe that a market segment that does not price sensitive is good because it can enable the company to maintain its profit margins. However, if a company has a high market share and it employs economies of scale, it is likely to increase its profit levels. It is therefore very important for Austchilli to take this factor into consideration when choosing its priority markets. Competition levels The existing competition levels in a given market segment determine whether it is favorable. If the competition is made up of a few weak competitors, market entry into this segment of pressed avocado products would be favorable. However, factors that show unattractive markets in regards to competition are; the presence of many players in the market with similar products, very many channels providing the products, ease of price comparison, and the willingness among customers to change from one product to another (Henisz, 2000). Moreover, it is vital to look at how likely it is that new competitors may join the market. It has been conventional wisdom that large market segments are more attractive than small segments. However, these segments may be highly contested by other companies, and therefore they may be unfavorable for the long haul. Austchilli would be better fitted to join a niche market where it could easily gain a large market share for its pressed avocado products and make a greater revenue. Segments that have high growth potential are more likely to be considered attractive. However, due to this, they may also attract many competitors. A market may become either attractive or unattractive due to its rate of change. Segments that are stable are also more predictable as opposed to those that are unattractive. However, they leave few opportunities for growth and product differentiation. Conversely, those that are unstable have the upper hand in that they can offer new opportunities on a continuous basis. In turn, this makes them more open to competitors. Determination Matrix Market attractiveness Weighting Price sensitivity 35% Growth 25% Competition intensity 20% Market size 20% Total 100% Statistics show that in the year 2016, Mexico produced over one million tons of avocado. Of this total, eight hundred and sixty thousand was shipped to the United States. And the rest of other markets. However, the prices were not so favorable because the United States was saturated by avocado products from other places (Mulderij, 2016). This, therefore, shows that the United States may be a large market, but it faces price fluctuations due to the presence of many competitors. China has also been seen to have a very high demand for avocado products. Chile, which exports avocado products to China reported that their exports had grown twice this year as compared to those achieved last year even though China is not their main market. Their main market is Europe which highly values avocado products. As a result, the prices received for the products are high (Horwitz, n.d.). However, given the present competition, the market has not increased enough to make huge profits. Spain is a gateway through which avocado products enter into Europe. It is a hub for importing and re-exporting avocados. The Spanish domestic market has a high demand for avocado products. This makes it very much more favorable than the united states because the avocado products are sold to the local markets, and they are also re-exported to the rest of Europe. However, Netherlands has a more prominent market than Spain and it also re-exports to other destinations such as France and Germany (Mulderij, 2016). This, therefore, makes it a higher priority than Spain. Therefore, regarding market size, the most favorable markets are; The United States, Netherlands, France, United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, Canada, China respectively. Based on the above data, a matrix can be created as follows; Segments Price sensitivity (35%) Growth (25%) Competition intensity (20%) Market size (20%) Total (100%) USA 13 7 7 8 =13+7-7+8= 21 Netherlands 12 6 2 6 =12+6-2+6=22 France 3 3 3 2 =3+3-3+6=9 United Kingdom 4 3 3 1 =4+3-3+1=5 Germany 1 2 1 1 =1+2-1+1=3 Spain 1 2 1 1 =1+2-1+1=3 China 1 2 3 1 =1+2-3+1=1 The table shows that the most favorable market is Netherlands followed by the United States, then France. The calculation involves a subtraction of the competition factor because this will affect the company negatively. This means that the first market that Austchilli should enter is Netherlands. In case of expansions in the future, the second market to export into is the United States of America. After identifying these markets, the next step is to call importers of pressed avocado products from these countries to be able to identify the costs that will be incurred in the process of exporting the products to them. Physical meetings should then be set up. The discussions should involve the different distribution channels that can be used, the documentation required, and the different expenses that will be incurred in the entire process. In-depth interviews should then be conducted in the process of choosing the most favorable distributors for the products. Elements of the Export Marketing Plan The development of a marketing plan is a critical step in the process of identifying locations around the world in which to sell products and in determining how the market segments will contribute to the goals of the company. If the export plan is well prepared, it enables the business to analyze the potential that exists in international markets for their products. It also enables the organization to evaluate the cost that will be incurred in exportation for the organization to gather all the necessary resources before the exportation process (Varghese, 2015). Different market segments should be considered to determine which works best for the company. These include; retail, industrial, food service among others. The chosen market segment should depend on the wants and needs of consumers as well as the characteristics regarding products demand. Austchilli Company should be in retail because the avocado products have already been processed and it can also be in the foodservice segment. In Netherlands, approximately seventy percent of the imported avocados was intended for re-exporting while the remainder was used for consumption in 2016. Evidently, the retail industry is the most viable segment with about 30 million kilograms imported for consumption in 2016 (Smith, 2017). Market positioning refers to the place that any given brand holds in the consumers minds. It is what distinguishes products from their competitors. Austchilli should emphasize its brand to customers through marketing on the advantages of their products over those of customers. It should also continually market its products to create s strong brand that will not be easily repositioned. The company should also take into consideration Porters five forces in analyzing its competition to decide how well to position itself in the market. The Porters five forces include; the existing competitive rivalry, the bargaining power of the suppliers, the bargaining power of customers, threats of new entrants, and the threat of new substitute products (Varghese, 2015). By taking note of these factors, Austchilli will be able to plan on how to ensure that they remain competitive in the market as well as be profitable. There is also need for the company to find the prices that competitors are charging for their products in order to be able to set prices that are favorable in attracting new customers. When planning on exporting products, it is very important for the company to ensure that proper pricing procedures are put in place. The role of proper pricing ensures that the company can be able to make a profit after subtracting all expenses incurred in the process. It also aids in product positioning. This is where the product can be introduced into the markets as either a luxury commodity, Giffen, or inferior good (Bjeli?, 2011). The pricing also enables the products to be competitive. In this regard, if other companies are providing the same product, the pricing set should not deviate far from the existing prices to ensure that the firm gains customers. When setting prices, Austchilli company should also put into consideration factors such as the exchange rate fluctuations, the legal issues that may lead to increased costs, and the cost of transporting the products. Some other expenses include; costs of research into the international markets, travel costs, promotional costs, costs of product adaptation, warehouse costs, export financing costs, among others. By incorporating all these factors in price, the company can avoid losses by setting a favorable price for its pressed avocado products. In Netherland, the main competitors are cold pressed avocado oil products. For example, a 100ml Westfalia cold pressed avocado oil bottle price ranges between 7 and 8 Euros (Westfaliafruit, 2017). It is paramount for the company to make decisions on how its products will be presented in the foreign markets. This involves decisions on whether the pressed avocado products will be adapted to the new markets or standardized and be sold exactly as they are in the domestic market. The issue of packaging is also very important. In case the export market speaks a different language than the home country, the packaging must incorporate the language of the foreign market. Moreover, the method of packaging must meet the requirements of the foreign country. The product should also be presented in a manner that is in line with the cultural and social norms of the new market. For instance, Austchilli packaging for its export products should be different from its domestic products, but labeling should be similar. When it comes to the method of distribution, the method chosen should depend on different factors. These include; the nature of the product being sold, the objectives of the company regarding geographical coverage, the existing competition, and the range of products being sold by the company. During the initial stages of exporting commodities, the company should decide if it wants to make use of agents to distribute products om their behalf or create strategic alliances with other stakeholders (Australia Trade Commission, 2006). In so doing, the company will make use of the distributors who will deliver their products to different points for sale such as different retail stores. Here are some examples of channels that Austchilli company can use either independently or collaboratively. Producer consumer This is by the use of direct sales to customers. Produce retailer consumer This channel of distribution involves the use of a middle person who buys from the company and sells to the customers at a profit. producer wholesaler retailercustomer this channel uses two middlemen. The company sells products to the wholesalers who in turn sell to the retailers who then sell to customers. Producer agent/broker retailer customer This involves the use of an agent who purchases the products from the company and then sells them to wholesalers or retailers and then to customers. The partners selected to aid in the distribution of the pressed avocado products in the chosen market, Netherlands, should be chosen based on the value they will add to the entire distribution system. Therefore, they should be able to network and increase the number of retail outlets in which the company can sell its products. The most appropriate channel of distribution is shown below. This is because is more affordable compared to the use of agents. producer wholesaler retailer customer Promotion is vital in the process of exporting to create awareness about existing products. The manner in which promotion take place depends on different factors. These include; the cultural and social norms and practices of the new market (Bjeli?, 2011). These must be closely followed to avoid promotional activities that go against the norms of the new regions. A number of resources allocated to promotional activities must also be considered to avoid carrying out product promotion in ways that exceed the budgeted amounts because this could result in losses. The existing competition must also be put into consideration. This is to ensure that the company comes up with innovative promotion activities that can stand out from the competition. The product stage in the product lifecycle also determines the type of promotional methods that can be used. Incidentally, companies that are new to the export market like Austchillli must create a promotional campaign focused on creating awareness of the products and displaying the competitive advantage the product brings. On the other hand, companies that are in the maturity stage who already have a known brand may focus on promotional activities that are aimed at retaining existing customers. There are many methods of promotion that a company can use when entering new markets. Personal or direct selling is one important method that can be used. It involves salespeople who talk directly to potential customers to inform them about the product. They target their customers and inform them of the products being sold with information on the advantages of using the products. This interaction aids to create a connection between the seller and the buyer and aids in creating loyal customers. In-store promotions are also used severally to inform people about the existence of the product. They involve offers that attract customers to take a look at the product (Hultman, Katsikeas and Robson, 2011). Advertising is another method of promotion that can be used to create awareness of the existence of a product as well as display the competitive qualities of the product by showing the superior characteristics of the products. Export documentation It is extremely vital for Austchilli to ensure that it is in possession of all the documents required for the entire process. The documents are provided in different areas. These include; the chamber of commerce, the consulate, international carrier, customs, port, insurance company, bank and in interactions with the consumer. The various documents are used for different purposes, and each one of them is vital. There are three main transportation documents. These include the bill of lading, dock receipt, and the insurance certificate. The bill of lading is used to represent ownership of cargo. It is a receipt for cargo payment and also a contract for the transportation that is between the transport carrier and the shipper of the goods. The dock receipt acknowledges receipt of cargo by the ocean carrier. Lastly, the insurance certificate is used to ensure that loss or damage of cargo is covered while the cargo is in transit (Australian business, n.d.). Banking documents include a draft and a letter of credit. The draft is a demand that payment is made by the Netherland importer to the Austchillis bank. The letter of credit, on the other hand, is a document that the bank issues at the importers request to guarantee that payment is made to the Austchilli if certain provided terms and conditions are met. A commercial invoice is a bill that is provided to the importer by Austchilli. Government documents include; certificate of origin, consular invoice, and export declaration. The certificate of origin identifies Australia as the country that the exports originate from. The consular invoice is a document signed by the consul of Netherland to aid in the control and identification of goods that are being shipped into that Netherland. Finally, the export declaration is a document that provides complete information regarding the shipment (Australia Trade and Investment Commission, n.d.). Risks and how they can be mitigated. The exportation process is risky for a myriad of reasons. The process of exporting products requires substantial amounts of capital. This capital is used to cover the different expenses incurred during the exportation process. The orders that are exported may also require adaptation in a bid to fit the new markets. These processes may involve repackaging of the products to fit the specifications of the foreign markets. These are regarding language used on the packaging, or production of the product in a new way that is totally different from the inventory demanded in the domestic markets such as cold pressed avocado oils (Linda, 2011). This is risky because in case the products do not sell as expected in the Netherland, it could be difficult to bring them back and find a market for them locally. This can be mitigated by ensuring thorough research is carried out to reduce the probability of losses occurring (New Zealand Trade and Enterprise, n.d.). Another risk that is faced in exporting products is that it may prove hard to pursue customers in legal processes. This is mainly due to geographical disparity and the difference in legal systems in both countries. Additionally, the differences that exist in cultural and social practices, as well as language may confuse the interactions between the Australian workers and clients in the Netherland. There could also be disagreements between the two parties on various issues such as pricing. This could be reduced by providing clear guidelines on the expectations of customers to avoid conflict and the use of a translator in cases of language differences (Linda, 2011). The different time zones that may exist between Australia and Netherland countries may also lead to delays. In cases where there are negotiations between the two parties, these could extend for a very long time. Furthermore, in situations where clients make orders at certain hours, delivery can take more time than anticipated. These issues of time lags could, in turn, lead to the emergence of various issues. The inventory may also face the risk of damage due to the long time periods in transport. This could be avoided by making use of technologies that provide information in real time during transportation such as RFIDs to avoid delays. Another hazardous occurrence that is associated with exports is the issue of fluctuations in the exchange rate. In this case, Australia uses Australian dollars while Netherland uses Euros. For example, when a customer negotiates to purchase the products at a given price in the future but at the time of the transaction, the exchange rate may have lowered leading to lower gains from what was previously expected (Australian Government, n.d.). This risk could be mitigated by ensuring that the buyer makes payment at the time of the order. Another way to mitigate this risk could be by ensuring that the Austchilli takes a forward contract where they ensure that regardless of exchange rate fluctuations they will always use the stated exchange rate within the time stipulated by the forward or future contract. This risk can also be avoided by asking for a deposit as soon as the negotiation processes are complete and then taking a futures contract for the remaining amount of money. Customers failure to pay for goods is another risk that occurs quite frequently in the exportation process. This could be caused by disagreements between the Austchilli and the customer or due to fraud. This can be avoided by ensuring that no shipments occur without first receiving the full payment for the ordered goods. Some organization protect themselves from this risk by taking insurance cover referred to as self-insuring.' It is important for companies that are just entering the export markets to be aware of fraudsters (Linda, 2011). They should not just trust customers if they do not have a track record to prove that they are trustworthy. Products may also face the risk of theft or get damaged while on transit. To avoid damages, the packaging materials must be appropriate for the products being transported. In turn, to avoid losses associated with theft, products should be insured. Finally, a risk that is brought about by internal business operations is the organizational risk. This could result from inexperience or mistakes. To minimize the occurrence of this risk, staff should be provided with training sessions on how to effectively perform their tasks. Conclusion It is clear that entering into the exports markets may prove very rewarding for Austchilli Company. However, the company has the duty of first conducting thorough research to ensure that it is ready to export its products. 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