What is an Educated Filipino Free Essays

The conception of education and of what an educated man is varies in response to fundamental changes in the details and aims of society. In our country and during this transition stage in our national life, what are the qualities which an educated man should possess? What is an educated Filipino and what qualities should distinguish him today? Great changes have taken place in the nature of our social life during the last forty years. The contact with the Americans and their civilization has modified many of our old customs, traditions and practices, some for the worse and many for the better. We will write a custom essay sample on What is an Educated Filipino? or any similar topic only for you Order Now The means of communication have improved and therefore better understanding exists among the different sections of our country. Religious freedom has developed religious tolerance in our people. The growth of public schools and establishment of democratic institutions have developed our national consciousness both in strength and in solidarity. With this growth in national consciousness and national spirit among our people, we witness the corresponding rise of a new conception in education- the training of an individual for the duties and privileges of citizenship, not only for his own happiness and efficiency but also for national service and welfare. In the old days, education was a matter of private concern; now it is a public function, and the State not only has the duty but it has the right as well to educate every member of the community- the old as well as the young, women as well as men- not only for the good of the individual but also for the self –preservation and self protection of the State itself. Our modern public school system has been established as a safeguard against the shortcomings and dangers of the democratic government and democratic institutions. In the light of the social changes, we come again to the question: What qualities should distinguish the educated Filipino today? I venture to suggest that the educated Filipino should, first, be distinguished by the power to DO. The Oriental excels in reflective thinking; he is a philosopher. The Occidental is a doer; he manages things, men and affairs. The Filipino of today needs more of his power to translate reflection into action. I believe that we are coming more and more to the conviction that no Filipino has the right to be considered educated unless he is prepared and ready to take an active and useful part of the work, life , and progress of our country as well as in the progress of the world. † How to cite What is an Educated Filipino?, Papers

Brutalism Architecture

Question: Discuss the inherently rich means of describing and thinking about architecture seen in Gadamers notion of interplay and/or Framptons notion of critical regionalism, comparing them (or one of them) briefly to a formalist way of characterising architecture. Answer: What is a Brutalism Architecture Brutalism architecture is a technique with an highlighting on materials, textures and structure, producing very open forms. Brutalism is an architecture which includes raw, with an highlighting on the materials, textures and the construction producing highly communicative forms. The term Brutalism was initially used in England by the architectural historian ReynerBanham in 1954. New Brutalism, it supports the use of raw material, in which model formed by wooden shuttering is simulated through boardmarking. Brutalism is a reflective architectural and propose movement that began and continues to control the design of the building and additional works even today.In many of the stylisticterms in architecture, the accurate scenarios denote by the word Brutalism is difficult to pin specificallydown. Brutalism also incorporates material that displays a linear pattern- at times called corduroy material and so as todisclose the stone collection ingredients of the materials mix. Brutalism char acteristics include heavy mullions and deeply inset fenestration, large expanses of stonework wall, complex floor plans, the use of circles and diagonals, as well as straight and boxy shapes, multi-level open areas incorporating a variety of interlinking spaces and unusual silhouettes, including that known as the upturned ziggurat. Hunstanton Building in Brutalism In December 1955 ReynerBanham introduces the progress of the architectural evaluation for the first time by writing an article that defines the new brutalist style. The categorical design and finishes of Hunstanton secondary school. The Hunstanton school building, regarded as the proposal of the new brutalist progress, is remembered as the development in which that term was first used as the only way out to the modernist progress as a proposal of Alison and Peter Smithson. Alison and Peter Smithson were catapulted to precipitate architectural fame for winning the contest to design Hunstanton secondary modern school in 1950.The Brutalist building isgenerallyformed with normal modular essentials forming lotsinstead of specific capable zones, mainly expressed and grouped together into a combined whole. Thematerial is used for its raw and natural truthfulness,differssignificantly with the highly refined and ornamented building constructed in the best Beaux-Arts style.Modernity team, ''Hu nstanton building in brutalism',', ,2001.As the basic three things to be notified and that is noted as an image, exhibition of the structure should be clear, valuation of the materials should be there.Hunstanton secondary modern school was the first building which was completed and was highly accepted as the new brutalist building. Banham shows that this school building was unique among all the buildings which were modern at that time also. Many other buildings which were modern are constructed of steel or material, but stillhas a hiding outer shell. The Hunstantonschool was completely perfect as its materialism was upto the mark, Plain walls left at the brick, ceiling designs with an open framework, columns and beams were of steel. One main attraction was there and that is the water tank as it was clearly visible to everyone, normally its a hidden feature for any of the buildings. The Hunstanton building was clear like a mirror to everyone as nothing is hidden in any of the columns or beams spaced. The Hunstanton school building was built in the town of that name. The architects from the beginning recognized their interest in the decision a relationship between culture, production, and society. The qualities of this building can be summarized as readability of the place in the ground, clear display of the construction and assessment of the materials on its natural qualities. Classrooms were easily reached only by stairs, not located on long corridors, with the outcome that they were set apart from the center of the spaces below. And the basic, features of the school building are a water tank by rotating it into a tower and the freezing hardens frames and walls of glass. There is no doubt that the innovation of Hunstanton school compares in severity to the most gentle. Critical Regionalism The word critical regionalism is not proposed to indicate the language as this was formerly unexpectedly produced by the shared interface of climate, culture, legend and ability, but quite to categorize those modern regional schools whose principal aim have been to reproduce and provide the limited constituency in which they are stranded. Along with other factors causal to the appearance of a regionalism of this classify is not only a definite success, but also some type of anti-centrist agreement a hope at least to some type of cultural, economic and political liberty. The perception of a limited or state culture is an impossible proposal not only because of the present clear contrast between embedded culture and the entire nation. We see, has been under blockade for almost as long as it has in use and generally merit the front of accurate investigation in the arts and not exact sciences. But in fact, this has not been the holder. The type of the thing and the type of the idea are i n reality in repeated active quality, and when grasp collectively by formalist analysis, release up onto a ground of unbounded statement and program. The features of critical regionalism have to be understood as secondary practice, while it is important or renewal, however, still refuses to discard the progressive aspects of the modern architectural inheritance. Critical regionalism fevors the understanding of architecture as a construction information relatively than the decrease of the build environment to a series of unsuited episodes. According to hazrog the elements of architectural facilitate to make a good atmosphere in a stadium. The boxes and the business association are just visible, they are just a constricted slot in the stadium.German edition , ''Critical regionalism',', 9 (2005), 900-06. Elements Of Architecture Elements of the architecture are an important aspect of any of the buildings to be perfect and popular in the building architecture. Ultimate constant sharp geometries helps to create brutalist buildings. These buildings also include steel and rough stone material, glass and brick also like other houses, but with the quality of rough and tough look of the structural material of the exterior as well. The architecture of Brutalism is the most famous architecture with some of these great specificationsLilja john, ''Elements of architecture',', Main elements of buildings. There are mainly some of the elements which are having a role in the architecture like style, form and the materials. Style is basically a unique way of expression or particularly a fashion at a specific time. In architecture, historical styles are often selected by a shape, mass is basically defined as a structure related to its surroundings and to its solidness and the weight. On the other hand, the shape is basically the composition and complexity of the planned surfaces.Materials are also the main element included in the architecture as on this particular element a building will be based. The interior and the exterior building material should be selected by the suitability for a strong building parallel with the durability and having a good impact on the environment. Some of the elements or the characteristics of an architectural building are designed, roof, weaving and mound. These four elements are necessary and the pillars of an architectural building. The design is basically a creation of a plan or rule for the construction of an objective or any building. Design may involve architecture pics, engineering drawings, business processes and diagrams. Second, is the roof carpentry which includes the primary work of cutting, shaping and system of building materials throughout the construction of buildings, ships and concrete form works. Carpenters usually worked with likely wood and did the rough work such as framing. Third, is the weaving as it includes texture, structure and the color as in structure the walls of the ancient houses were not made of the stones, but rather of the cloth or weaving mats thus suggesting the idea of the wall as a textile to the supporting structure similar to the curtain wall today. To construct these walls of differe nt sizes and styles to form a supportive structure that in the colder times it can be covered with a weather resistant shell of mud or leaves. Without this protective layer the cold and damp climate would be penetrated. Fourth, is the mound as it the transition from the ground or natural environment of the building. In some of the cases it can be the foundation of the building or something it is related to how the building touches the ground. For example, use of a heavy stone under the building to touch the earth so that you need to step on the stone before you can enter the building. So, these were the four basic elements which are requiredIn any of the architecture building It all aspects to be completed. References: jay Amrutia, 'what is brutalism,', , 'Brutalism movement in design', ,(2015). Kallamann Gerhardt, ''What is brutalism'', ,What is brutalism architecture, , (1969). Harwood Elain, ''Hunstanton building in architecture',', ,(2010). Johnson Philip, ''Hunstanton building in architecture'', , (2012). Hadid. Z, ''who's afraid of formalism',', , (2006), 96-99. Frampton K., ''Prospects for a critical regionalism',', 20, (,1983), 147-162. Budin Jeremiah, ''Elements of architecture',', ,( 2013). WBDG Aesthetics Subcommittee, 'Elements of architecture,', (2015).

Analyzed and Discussed Self Career management †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Self Career management. Answer: Introduction People demonstrate three type of career self-managing behavior that includes positioning, influence and boundary management. The behavior of the people eliminates any existing carrier barriers and provides a vocational adjustment. Career self management has become one of the integral aspects of professionals that helps to develop goal for an individual along with a layout plan by assessing ones strengths and weaknesses. After effective planning and evaluating, one is able to successfully execute his/her career plan in a smooth fashion that eventually leads to career advancement and brings career satisfaction to the employee. Thus, career self management is a process through which an individual collects relevant information that is required for career progression through self assessment and identifying opportunities. As the case study illustrates the career life of Dave Armstrong, who was born and brought up in Texas and became the President of a subsidiary company of Thorne Enterprises. After making consistent efforts for eighteen months, Dave left the company to join life insurance business and lead a comfortable life. In Spite of earning a handsome salary, Dave faced the challenge of not been able to take a vacation with his new job. After working day and night for insurance job, Dave got accepted into Harvard Business Review. Now he has to make a career decision between three jobs prospects that seems attractive to Dave. Dave is confused between the three job prospects as the job he chooses is going to define his future career and an inappropriate decision could mess up his future career prospects. The report would aim to discuss the above case by analyzing all the three different job opportunities that Dave has as of present in order to provide suitable recommendations based on the theories discussed in literature review. Literature Review: Scope Career self management is the process of gathering the relevant information regarding ones career through self assessment and recognizing opportunities. This section would try to cover the importance of career development and making an intelligent career choice by applying the existing knowledge. The literature review would also encompass employability skills and factors for an individual. Further, work life balance would be illustratively presented to demonstrate the importance of managing career in an individuals life. Career Development According to Inkson (2007), there are various stages of career in an individuals life that could either be because of various roles available in the society or persons physical change over a period of time. He described theory of career development, which was discovered by Donald Super, as a framework for career guidance by focusing on the attributes and development of individuals. The theory stated that each and every profession has a unique requirement in terms of personal characteristics and the people are attracted towards these characteristics. The author focused on work roles of an individual that could vary from family role to professional role and emphasized on balancing ones personal life with the job. The authors Arthur, Khapova Richardson (2017), illustrate through various case studies and examples how an individual can take ownership of work and life by making an intelligent career choice. The authors have very well described an intelligent career that involves the knowledge of an individual acquired over the period of years. The authors have also focused on the working style and methods that involves the application of the acquired knowledge and knowledge extension through consistent learning process. According to the authors Inkson Arthur (2001), in order to manage the career one must skillfully match individual and organization needs. The authors have described the processes of investment, portfolio development, capital growth that leads to career advancement. According to Briscoe et al (2012), there are two major career concepts including protean career and boundaryless career. Protean career has a value driven approach and is independent of the external career influences. A boundaryless career does not perceive structural constraints and the decision is taken by considering all the aspects that could include work family reasons. The authors construed that boundaryless employees are not necessarily less committed to the organization. The authors Briscoe Finkelstein (2009), also supported the idea that boundaryless career and protean career attitudes are differentially correlated. Rodrigues Guest (2010) stated that the concept of boundaryless career is fuzzy by drawing the potential of another method to conceptualize career boundaries. Employability According to the author Bridgstock (2009), an individual must have employment skills in the fast changing global business context. They must look forward for continuous development by acquiring knowledge and skills with the changing information and knowledge intensive economy. The stress was on developing generic skills that is defined as transferable skills that are considered vital for employability. Further, an individual must possess attributes such as lifelong learning and adaptability. According to Rothwell Arnold (2007), employability has become one of the topmost concerns for the individuals and their key goal is to be able to manage their careers effectively. The authors Wolff Moser (2009) stated that networking has a huge impact on career by stressing on six components that considered the impact of internal external networking and building, maintaining and using contacts. According to Janasz Forret (2008), networking helps to develop and maintain relationship with others that opens opportunities for an individual. Managing Career The author Sturges (2008), identified the connection between career self management and managing work life harmony. He construed through the research that an individual may be involved in various career self management behaviors as per the career goal. The author identified one of the behaviors as creating a balance between work and life and people who are only focused towards their career could destruct their work life balance. The author also tried to demonstrate the influence of career stages on career goal and behavior of an individual to construe that career attitude and behavior has a great impact on work life balance and is the major concern of younger members irrespective of their family responsibilities. The authors Weng McElroy (2010), studied the impact of career self management and vocational self concept crystallization on the effectiveness of an individuals decision. The study revealed that career self management has a positive impact on effectiveness of job decision and vocational self concept crystallization. The study also revealed that vocational self concept crystallization has positive impact on effectiveness of job decision. The authors Abele Wiese (2007), analyzed the self management strategies including development of goals, goal pursuing behavior, career planning and comparative judgment. The authors claimed that general strategy is connected to domain specific strategy, which can be further linked to the results. Discussion and Analysis Dave has been offered three job opportunities and all the three of them have some pros and cons associated with them due to which Dave is facing pressure of selecting the best job opportunity that offers a bright future. Job A is the best job prospect for Dave and in order to understand it the report would discuss the pros and cons of all the three jobs. Job B has been offered by one of the oil exploration company in Houston and require Dave to invest an amount of 100k dollars that is one third of the total equity. Dave would receive around 60, 000 dollars as an annual compensation. The deal does not have any attractiveness as the business would cease to exist after two years period. Further, Dave would also lose the opportunity to operate in partnership in case the oil and gas glut dries up before they launch the company. All he would be getting is just 8% commission for his performance. If Dave wishes to make an intelligent career choice, he would never chose this option as there is not future and security in the job in terms of salary and security. Further, Dave would also have to make an initial investment of 100k $ that could just go in vain if he loses the equity partnership. Job C is the most convenient job for Mr Dave and is also the top choice of his wife. The job offers Dave a secure future with 45k dollars salary. Dave would be required to work for oil and gas investment fund in the firm and would be analyzing the properties of oil and gas. The job is a perfect combination of security and salary for an individual. Now analyzing the job from the theory of intelligent career would suggest that Dave must evaluate alternatives before choosing the option. Dave has already received the offer of more than 50k dollars from other two companies due to which the attractiveness of the offer goes away. Dave has graduated from Harvard Business School and thus, has the caliber to acquire a job with higher salary. This job may offer him security but does not offer a good salary. The career intelligence theory stated that one must have a better understanding of oneself before making a career choice (Arthur, Khapova Richardson, 2017). Further, one must also match the quality of organization and an individual before selecting the organization (Inkson Arthur, 2001). From the two theories, it can be construed that Daves skills and the organizational skills do not match effectively since Dave is very ambitious and seek to groom himself through continuous learning process. The organization does not offer him a justified position and underestimates his talent and potential strength. Thus, Dave must not go for this job opportunity. Job A is being offered by Mr Thorne that would require a huge investment from Dave. Thorne has offered Dave an offer to work with him for piggyback rail terminal that is situated between Dallas and Houston. The project is being studied by a group of business school students to evaluate the feasibility. The offer seems attractive as it is likely to attract business from Dallas and Houston. The cost of land on which the project would be built is 1/100 the cost of industrial property located in Dallas or Houston. The job offer seems lucrative if considered from the salary and future perspective. Dave would receive around 50k-70k salary along with bonus and equity share in the business. Dave must make an intelligent career choice here by applying all his knowledge and evaluating the external factors. He must also analyze the situation from an alternative perspective. He must consider that he would also be required to invest a huge amount of 200k to 300k dollars for which he would have pu t up his entire savings in the project. He would also have to make many adjustments in his lifestyle and his wife would also have to bear it. Further, the business may or may not be able to generate results in future that could devastate the entire career of Dave. Now from self career management theory, it can be construed that Dave must consider from the aspect of work life balance (Sturges, 2008). The job may cost Dave and his wife a huge fortune in future and thus, he must consider the opinion of his wife as well in order to secure their future. In spite of several cons, this is the most lucrative offer for Dave because of its unique idea and low cost strategy plan. From the given information and present scenario, the plan also promises to yield great results in future. Also his wife is also looking forward for him to be happy and according to the theory of career self management, the quality of an individual and organization must match that can be witnessed in this case. Dave ha s huge potential to build a great business empire through his determination and ambitious nature. Thus, using the theory of career self management, it can be construed that Dave must go for Job A to work with Mr Thorne where he can utilize his potential strength and become a successful businessman. Conclusion The report has successfully analyzed and discussed self career management through the case study of Dave. Career self management has become an integral component for a professional. A professional must assess his strengths and weaknesses in order to develop a specific career path for him and must analyze the external factors before making any career choice. They must look forward for continuous development by acquiring knowledge and skills with the changing information and knowledge intensive economy. The stress was on developing generic skills that is defined as transferable skills that are considered vital for employability. After thorough and deep investigation of the case study, the report evaluated Job A as the best alternative for Dave. Job B did not have any future in terms of business as the business was likely to disappear. The job also did not have any partnership promise in future as it was likely to go if oil and gas glut dries. Further, job did not match with the skills of Dave who is ambitious and determined for his career. Job C was evaluated as the most convenient job that also did not match up with the skills of Dave. Dave is most likely to get frustrated with the job after sometime because of his ambitious nature. Further job also did not offer a good pay to Dave. Job A was evaluated to be risky and required a huge amount of investment but is the most feasible and lucrative job for Dave as it matches with the skill sets of Dave. References Abele, A.E., Wiese, B.S. (2007). The Nomological Network of Self-Management Strategies and Career Success. Labor and Socio Economic Research Center, 7, 1-30. Arthur, M., Khapova, S. Richardson, J. (2017). An Intelligent Career: Taking Responsibility for Your Work and Your Life. New York: Oxford University Press Bridgstock, R. (2009). The graduate attributes weve overlooked: enhancing graduate employability through career management skills. Higher Education Research Development, 28(1), 31-44. Briscoe, J. P., Finkelstein, L. M. (2009). The new career and organizational commitment: do boundaryless and protean attitudes make a difference?.Career Development International,14(3), 242-260. Briscoe, J. P., Henagan, S. C., Burton, J. P., Murphy, W. M. (2012). Coping with an insecure employment environment: The differing roles of protean and boundaryless career orientations.Journal of Vocational Behavior,80(2), 308-316. de Janasz, S. C., Forret, M. L. (2008). Learning the art of networking: A critical skill for enhancing social capital and career success.Journal of management education,32(5), 629-650. De Vos, A., Soens, N. (2008). Protean attitude and career success: The mediating role of self-management.Journal of Vocational behavior,73(3), 449-456. Inkson, K. Arthur, M. (2001). How to be a successful career capitalist. Organizational Dynamics, 30(1), p 48-61. Inkson, K. (2007). Understanding Career: The metaphors of working lives. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications Raabe, B., Frese, M., Beehr, T. A. (2007). Action regulation theory and career self-management.Journal of Vocational Behavior,70(2), 297-311. Rodrigues, R. A., Guest, D. (2010). Have careers become boundaryless?.Human Relations,63(8), 1157-1175. Rothwell, A., Arnold, J. (2007). Self-perceived employability: development and validation of a scale.Personnel review,36(1), 23-41. Sturges, J. (2008). All in a day's work? Career self?management and the management of the boundary between work and non?work.Human Resource Management Journal,18(2), 118-134. Weng, Q., McElroy, J. C. (2010). Vocational self-concept crystallization as a mediator of the relationship between career self-management and job decision effectiveness.Journal of Vocational Behavior,76(2), 234-243. Wolff, H. G., Moser, K. (2009). Effects of networking on career success: a longitudinal study.Journal of Applied Psychology,94(1), 196.

Appearence Vs. Reality In Hamlet Essays (1680 words) -

Appearence Vs. Reality In Hamlet Hamlet one of Shakespeare's greatest plays, where the young prince of Denmark must uncover the truth about his fathers death. Hamlet a play that tells the story of a young prince who's father recently died. Hamlets uncle Claudius marries his mother the queen and takes the throne. As the play is told Hamlet finds out his father was murdered by the recently crowned king. The theme that remains constant throughout the play is appearance versus reality. Things within the play appear to be true and honest but in reality are infested with evil. Many of the characters within the play hide behind a mask of falseness. Four of the main characters that hid behind this mask are Polonius, Rosencrantz (Guildenstern), the king Cluadius. From behind this mask they give the impression of a person who is sincere and genuine, in reality they are plagued with lies and evil. There appearance will make it very difficult for Hamlet to uncover the truth, the characters hide behind. Polonius the kings royal assistant has a preoccupation with appearance. He always wants to keep up the appearance of loving and caring person. Polonius appears like a man who loves and cares about his son, Laertes. Polonius speaks to his son with advice that sounds sincere but in reality it is rehearsed, hollow and without feeling. Polonius gives his advice only to appear to be the loving caring father. The reality is he only speaks to appear sincere as a politician, to look good rather then actually be good: And borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry. This above all: to thine own self be true, And it must follow, as the night the day, Thou canst not then be false to any man. Farewell; my blessing season this in thee! Act 1 Polonius gives his son Laertes his blessing to go away, he sends a spy to follow him and keep an eye on him. This shows his lack of trust for anyone, he gives the appearance of a confident father who trusts his son to go off on his own. In reality he lies about his trust for his son by sending a spy to watch him. His advice he gives his son is rehearsed and only said to give the appearance of a loving father. Polonius further adds to the theme appearance verses reality by ordering Ophelia to stop seeing Hamlet. He lies to her telling her that Hamlet does not love her, he only lusts for her, in truth he does love her: Ay, springes to catch woodcocks. I do know, When the blood burns , how prodigal the soul Through the play Polonius hids behind his mask appearing to be honest loving parent. In reality Polonius lies, manipulates people and eavesdrops on peoples conversation. Polonius helps contribute to the theme appearance verses reality by showing how his appearance is not his true nat ure, behind the mask there lies someone totally different. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are two of Hamlets childhood friends who when asked by the king, try to find out what is troubling the young prince. Both help to contribute to the theme by showing there appearance of being Hamlets friends. The pair go to Hamlet pretending to be his friends when in truth they are only there because the king asked them to find the truth. There is some irony within the twins, they are asked by the king to find out the truth by hiding within a lie, by pretending to be his friend: A dream is but a shadow Act II. Hamlet knows there purpose for their visit is to dig into his soul to find the real reason for his actions as of late. As the play continues the twins are asked again by the king to go to Hamlet and try again to find the real reason for Hamlets behavior. Hamlet insults them at every chance knowing they are lying to him about there purpose of the visit: Tis as easy as lying; govern these ventages with you finger and thumb, give it breath with your mouth...Act III As the melodrama continues Hamlet goes with the twins to reclaim money that another state owes Denmark. Hamlet

Definition and Examples of the English-only Movement

Definition and Examples of the English-only Movement The English-only movement is a political movement that seeks to establish English as the sole official language of the United States or of any particular city or state within the U.S. The expression English-only is primarily used by opponents of the movement. Advocates prefer other terms, such as Official-English Movement. U.S.ENGLISH, Inc. states that it is the nations oldest, largest citizens action group dedicated to preserving the unifying role of the English language in the United States. Founded in 1983 by the late Senator S.I. Hayakawa, an immigrant himself, U.S. English now has 1.8 million members nationwide.​ Commentary President Theodore Roosevelt We have room for but one language in this country, and that is the English language, for we intend to see that the crucible turns our people out as Americans, of American nationality, and not as dwellers in a polyglot boarding house. –Works, 1926 Peter Elbow Its touching when speakers of English argue for purity in the language since English is probably the most impure bastardized language theres ever been. Its slept with every language it ever encountered, even casually. The strength of English comes from how many babies its had with how many partners. –Vernacular Eloquence: What Speech Can Bring to Writing, 2012 Geoffrey Nunberg Given the minor role that language has played in our historical self-conception, it isnt surprising that the current English-only movement began in the political margins, the brainchild of slightly flaky figures like Senator S.I. Hayakawa and John Tanton, a Michigan ophthalmologist who co-founded the U.S. English organization as an outgrowth of his involvement in zero population growth and immigration restriction. (The term English-only was originally introduced by supporters of a 1984 California initiative opposing bilingual ballots, a stalking horse for other official-language measures. Leaders of the movement have since rejected the label, pointing out that they have no objection to the use of foreign languages in the home. But the phrase is a fair characterization of the goals of the movement so far as public life is concerned.)... Considered strictly in the light of the actualities, then, English-only is an irrelevant provocation. It is a bad cure for an imaginary disease, and moreover, one that encourages an unseemly hypochondria about the health of the dominant language and culture. But it is probably a mistake to try to engage the issue primarily at this level, as opponents of these measures have tried to do with little success. Despite the insistence of English-only advocates that they have launched their campaign for the immigrants own good, its hard to avoid the conclusion that the needs of non-English speakers are a pretext, not a rationale, for the movement. At every stage, the success of the movement has depended on its capacity to provoke widespread indignation over allegations that government bilingual programs are promoting a dangerous drift toward a multilingual society. –Speaking of America: Why English-Only Is a Bad Idea. The Workings of Language: From Prescriptions to Perspectives, ed. b y Rebecca S. Wheeler. Greenwood, 1999 Paul Allatson Many commentators regard English-Only as a symptom of a nativist backlash against immigration from Mexico and other Spanish-speaking countries, the ostensible focus on language by proponents often masking deeper fears about the nation under threat from Spanish-speaking peoples (Crawford 1992). At a federal level, English is not the official language of the USA, and any attempt to give English that function would require a Constitutional amendment. However, this is not the case at city, county, and state level across the country, and much of the recent legislative success to enshrine English as the official state, county, or city language is attributable to English-Only. –Key Terms in Latino/a Cultural And Literary Studies, 2007 James Crawford [F]actual support has generally proved unnecessary for English-only proponents to advance their cause. The facts are that, except in isolated locales, immigrants to the United States have typically lost their native languages by the third generation. Historically they have shown an almost gravitational attraction toward English, and there are no signs that this proclivity has changed. To the contrary, recent demographic data analyzed by Veltman (1983, 1988) indicate that rates of anglicization- shift to English as the usual language- are steadily increasing. They now approach or surpass a two-generation pattern among all immigrant groups, including Spanish-speakers, who are most often stigmatized as resistant to English. –At War with Diversity: US Language Policy in an Age of Anxiety, 2000 Kevin Drum I may not have any big objections to making English our official language, but why bother? Far from being unique, Hispanics are just like every other wave of immigrants in American history: they start off speaking Spanish, but the second and third generations end up speaking English. And they do it for obvious reasons: they live among English speakers, they watch English-language television, and its hellishly inconvenient not to speak it. All we have to do is sit back and do nothing, and Hispanic immigrants will eventually all become English speakers. –The Best Way to Promote the English Language Is to Do Nothing, 2016 Opponents Anita K. Barry In 1988, the Conference on College Composition and Communication (CCCC) of the NCTE passed a National Language Policy (Smitherman, 116) that lists as the goals of CCCC: 1. to provide resources to enable native and non-native speakers to achieve oral and literate competence in English, the language of wider communication;2. to support programs that assert the legitimacy of native languages and dialects and ensure that proficiency in ones mother tongue will not be lost; and3. to foster the teaching of languages other than English so that native speakers of English can rediscover the language of their heritage or learn a second language. Some opponents of English-only, including the National Council of Teachers of English and the National Education Association, united in 1987 into a coalition called English Plus, which supports the concept of bilingualism for everyone... –Linguistic Perspectives on Language and Education, 2002 Henry Fountain Fewer than half of the nations in the world have an official languageand sometimes they have more than one. The interesting thing, though, said James Crawford, a writer on language policy, is that a large percentage of them are enacted to protect the rights of language minority groups, not to establish a dominant language. In Canada, for example, French is an official language along with English. Such a policy is intended to protect the francophone population, which has remained distinct for hundreds of years. In the United States we dont have that kind of stable bilingualism, Mr. Crawford said. We have a pattern of very rapid assimilation. A more apt comparison might be to Australia, which like the United States has had high levels of immigration. Australia doesnt have an English-only movement, Mr. Crawford said. While English is the official language, Australia also has a policy that encourages immigrants to preserve their language and English-speakers to learn new ones, all to benefit trade and security. They dont use language as a lightning rod for expressing your views on immigration, Mr. Crawford said. Language has not become a major symbolic dividing line. –In Language Bill, the Language Counts, 2006

DQ1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

DQ1 - Essay Example Within change opposing corporations, the administrators characteristically do not get or take note of the awakening calls unless the signals grow to be so throbbing as well as hazardous that they intimidate the corporation's very existence. At this very early on phase during the change, it is vital to recognize and appreciate what awakening calls subsist, what they denote, also what is being done with all of them by those within the positions to set off a modification attempt. The approach of the leaders has a key influence on the sense made of the information within the awakening call. If the leaders at all levels are mindful and open to culture and altering, they will tackle with the awakening call in a different way than if they are not. The changed line of attack that the leaders eventually blueprint will be resolute by their deepness of considering the wake up calls. This is the foremost instance of reality within the change attempt; it can signify the distinction amid an immediate, external change along with the one that is mindful, resolute, and reflective for one and all concerned ( Dean, 2001, pg 79). For instance, if an organization realizes with time that they need to change, they might never be prepared

International Law and Institutions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

International Law and Institutions - Essay Example The Security Council has primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. Since the 1990s not only has the Security Council agreed to authorize humanitarian intervention, there have also been interventions without authorization from the Security Council such as the intervention in Northern Iraq, Somalia, Bosnia, Rwanda, Haiti, Yugoslavia/Kosovo and East Timor. These latter interventions have arisen as a result of a perception of the Security Council’s failure to act or ineffective action where there has been concern about the severe deprivation of human rights. For example, the failure of the UN to broker political peace in Somalia led to the US Operation Restore Hope in 1992, which for the first time in American history, saw American troops committed to a military operation for a cause completely unrelated to protecting their national interest. The operation’s goal was to open supply routes for food relief efforts and prepare the way for a UN peacekeeping force to preserve the security of these routes. The challenge, it seems, must be to leave open the option for humanitarian intervention in extreme cases of human suffering, where the reasons for action seem morally imperative and politically sound but the Security Council is unable to act, while at the same time to avoid jeopardising in a fundamental way the existing, hard-earned, international legal order, including the central role of the Security Council.  Ã‚  ... must be to leave open the option for humanitarian intervention in extreme cases of human suffering, where the reasons for action seem morally imperative and politically sound but the Security Council is unable to act, while at the same time to avoid jeopardising in a fundamental way the existing, hard-earned, international legal order, including the central role of the Security Council.1 The Security Council is bound by the Charter. However as the US has cogently argued the Charter is too narrow. It envisaged only those situations where a state might call on the help of the international community or where international peace was threatened. It did not take into account the situations observed since then in the killing fields of Cambodia, Rwanda and Srebrenica. In 2004, 10 years after the genocide in Rwanda, the Canadian Foreign Minister, Bill Graham was reported by the BBC to have said: We lack the political will to achieve the necessary agreement on how to put in place the type of measures that will prevent a future Rwanda from happening2 Although the primary responsibility lies with the state, where a population is suffering serious harm, as a result of internal war, insurgency, repression or state failure, and the state in question is unwilling or unable to halt or avert it, the principle of non-intervention should lead to a larger principle, that of the international responsibility to protect3. There are essentially 2 criticisms of the UN: its relevance and its structure. As can be seen from the US ignoring the UN over Iraq and the UN's admission of failing to act in time to the obvious threat in Rwanda, there are many reasons for questioning its relevance. Its structure goes back to 1945 where the victorious powers of World War II decided to stamp their